Types of Pipe Fittings used in Industries: Seamless and ERW


Learn about the 3 types of steel pipes used in the petrochemical industry: seamless, ERW (electric resistance welding). A seamless pipe is manufactured by drawing a solid steel billet through a piercing rod. Welded pipes are produced by cutting, bending, welding coils (ERW).

SEAMLESS PIPE
Seamless pipes are shaped starting from steel billets, that are heated and punctured to create the cylindrical section. The word “seamless” means the nonappearance of seam welds.

Seamless stainless steel pipe fittings are used for different tenders within the oil & gas industry:

·         upstream processes (OCTG pipes)
·         midstream (transmission and spreading of fluids, as oil, gas, steam, acids, slurries)
·         downstream (process piping to improve oil and gas in derivative products)
·         general sanitation applications for utility services


The most common types of pipes used in the industries are (ASTM pipe specifications):

·         ASTM A53, A106, A333, and API 5L (types of carbon steel pipes for high and low-temperature carbon steel)
·         ASTM A335 Grades P5 to P91 (chrome-moly alloy steel pipes for high temperature and pressure, for refinery and power plants claims)
·         ASTM A312 Series 300 and 400 (stainless steel pipes in grades 304, 316, 321, 347)
·         ASTM A790/A928 (duplex and super duplex pipes with double ferritic and austenitic structure)
·         Various nickel alloys material specifications (Inconel, Hastelloy, Cupronickel, Monel, Nickel 200)
·         Specifications for non-ferrous pipes (aluminum, copper, brass, cupro-nickel)
·         Some conditions cover seamless pipes only (example ASTM A106), others apply equally to seamless and welded pipes (example ASTM A53).

Carbon steel pipes (A53, A333, A106 and API 5L) have the principal market share, as they can be used for most high and low-temperature applications; the main application of stainless steel pipe fittings manufacturers in Jaipur offers that for corrosive services (and higher grades are used as the temperature and the heaviness increase, or when the taken fluid is more and more aggressive).

In the upstream oil & gas industry, API 5CT is the key specification covering OCTG pipes (oil country tubular goods).




ERW PIPE (ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WELDING)

ERW pipes are mass-produced using steel coils: the coil is first uncoiled, then curved, cut and, finally formed into a pipe shape by joining its two boundaries electrically.

ERW pipe
ERW pipes are obtainable in sizes between 1/2 and 20 inches, in carbon steel (ASTM A53 is the most communal specification) and stainless steel (ASTM A312). In terms of dimensions, the ASME B36.10 and ASME B36.19 are the key orientation specifications (API 5L for welded ERW line pipes).

The ASME and API dimensional charts show typical amalgamations of pipe nominal size and wall thickness (designated as “schedule”), and show ERW pipe mass in kg (or pounds).

In the last few centuries, ERW pipes are have develop an efficient alternative to seamless pipes, both in terms of price and presentation, due to the modern fusing technologies adopted by ERW buttweld pipe fitting manufacturers (example HFI and HFW, high-frequency welding). These progressions in welding knowledges have reduced, over time, the practical advantage of seamless pipes vs ERW pipes, manufacture them substitutable at least in some submissions (low/medium pressure and temperature). Of course, seamless pipes will always advantage from the inherent superior mechanical strength of steel billets vs. coils and plates.

ERW PIPE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
ERW pipes are manufactured starting from steel coils, that are at first uncoiled, cut, processed, welded and tested.
The most used welding technique for oil and gas pipes is the so-called “high-frequency induction technology” (ERW-HFI), containing in the application of an induction current on the outer surface of the pipe able to generate a robust seam weld and join the two sides of the steel coil very tightly.




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